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Independence & Integration

India · 1947Independence and Partition: the birth of the Indian Union, 15 August 1947

On 15 August 1947 India became an independent Dominion as the Indian Independence Act partitioned British India into India and Pakistan. Freedom came with mass migration and communal violence, integration of the princely states under Sardar Patel, constitution-making by the Constituent Assembly, and war over Kashmir.

1948 → All years

Polity & Governanceराजव्यवस्था और शासन

Economyअर्थव्यवस्था

Society & Cultureसमाज और संस्कृति

India & the Worldभारत और विश्व

Key figures

Jawaharlal Nehru — first Prime Minister of independent India from 15 August 1947; delivered the 'Tryst with Destiny' addSardar Vallabhbhai Patel — Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister; architect of the integration of the princely states.B.R. Ambedkar — Law Minister and Chairman of the Drafting Committee from 29 August 1947.Lord Louis Mountbatten — last Viceroy and first Governor-General of the Dominion of India; oversaw the transfer of powerMahatma Gandhi — campaigned against communal violence in Bengal and Calcutta during Partition.R.K. Shanmukham Chetty — first Finance Minister of independent India; presented the first budget.

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

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