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सुधार, अधिकार और विकास

India · 2005अधिकार-आधारित कानून (RTI, NREGA) और भारत-अमेरिका नागरिक परमाणु वार्ता की शुरुआत

प्रधानमंत्री मनमोहन सिंह के नेतृत्व में, यूपीए-I (UPA-I) ने सूचना का अधिकार अधिनियम और राष्ट्रीय ग्रामीण रोजगार गारंटी अधिनियम सहित अधिकार-आधारित कानून बनाए। 18 जुलाई के भारत-अमेरिका असैन्य परमाणु संयुक्त बयान ने विदेश नीति के एक प्रमुख पहलू को नया रूप दिया, जबकि मुंबई की बाढ़ और कश्मीर भूकंप ने आपदा प्रबंधन अधिनियम, 2005 की आवश्यकता को रेखांकित किया।

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Polity & Governanceराजव्यवस्था एवं शासन

Economyअर्थव्यवस्था

Society & Cultureसमाज एवं संस्कृति

Science, Technology & Spaceविज्ञान, प्रौद्योगिकी एवं अंतरिक्ष

Environment & Disastersपर्यावरण एवं आपदाएं

India & the Worldभारत एवं विश्व

Landmark Judgments & Reportsऐतिहासिक निर्णय एवं रिपोर्टें

प्रमुख व्यक्तित्व

Manmohan Singh — Prime Minister; led UPA-I's rights-based agenda and opened civil nuclear talks with the US.A.P.J. Abdul Kalam — President of India.Sonia Gandhi — UPA chairperson and head of the National Advisory Council, associated with the rights-based legislative aP. Chidambaram — Finance Minister; oversaw the Union government's fiscal policy during the VAT rollout and SEZ legislatiNitish Kumar — became Chief Minister of Bihar in November 2005, ending 15 years of Lalu Prasad and Rabri Devi-led rule.Y.K. Sabharwal — sworn in as Chief Justice of India on 1 November 2005.

UPSC / राज्य PCS — परीक्षा फोकस

2005 के विधेयक और अधिनियम

From our live BillTracker — real legislation recorded for 2005.

Constitution (Ninety-Third Amendment) Act, 2005Enacted

Inserts Article 15(5) to enable reservation for SC, ST and OBC students in educational institutions, including private unaided ones.

Why it matters: Basis of OBC reservation in higher education; core Polity topic (fundamental rights, reservation jurisprudence).

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005Enacted

Guarantees 100 days of wage employment a year to every rural household whose adults volunteer for unskilled manual work.

Why it matters: Flagship rights-based welfare law; core for Economy (rural livelihoods) and Social Justice (GS-2/GS-3).

Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005Enacted

First civil law to define and protect women against domestic violence, covering physical, sexual, verbal and economic abuse.

Why it matters: Landmark for Social Justice and women’s rights; useful for GS-1 (society) and GS-2 (vulnerable sections).

Right to Information Act, 2005Enacted

Gives every citizen the right to seek information from public authorities, making the government answerable and transparent.

Why it matters: Cornerstone transparency law; high-yield for Polity (RTI, accountability) and Governance answer-writing.

Special Economic Zones Act, 2005Enacted

Creates a legal framework for Special Economic Zones — duty-free enclaves to boost exports, investment and employment.

Why it matters: Key for Economy (trade, exports, EXIM policy) and the SEZ-vs-land-acquisition debate.

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Researched by a multi-model AI editorial board and cross-checked against sources; Bills are real records from BillTracker. This is a study aid, not a substitute for primary sources. Spotted an error? Tell us.